Vitreomacular Traction

Causes of Vitreomacular Traction (VMT)

Several factors can cause VMT, including:

• Aging: As we age, the vitreous tends to shrink and separate from the retina. In some cases, it remains partially attached, leading to traction.
• Eye Trauma: Injury or trauma to the eye can cause abnormal adherence of the vitreous to the retina.
• Previous Eye Surgery: Patients who have undergone cataract or other eye surgeries may be at increased risk of developing VMT.
• Diabetic Retinopathy: This condition can increase the risk of abnormal vitreous attachment.

Types of Vitreomacular Traction

VMT can vary depending on the severity of traction and how it affects the macula. The main types include:

1. Focal VMT: This involves a small area of traction on the macula.
2. Diffuse VMT: Traction occurs over a broader area of the macula, potentially causing more significant vision impairment.
3. Full-thickness Macular Hole: In severe cases, VMT can lead to the formation of a macular hole, which requires prompt medical intervention.

Symptoms of Vitreomacular Traction

Common symptoms of VMT include:

• Blurred or distorted central vision
• Difficulty reading or recognizing faces
• Straight lines appearing wavy or bent (a condition called metamorphopsia)
• Reduced sharpness of vision (loss of visual acuity)
• Increased difficulty seeing in low light

If you experience any of these symptoms, it’s important to consult an eye specialist like Dr. Suraj Munjal for an accurate diagnosis.

Diagnosis of Vitreomacular Traction

Diagnosing VMT typically involves several eye tests, including:

• Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT): This non-invasive imaging test provides a detailed view of the macula and vitreous, helping to detect the degree of traction.
• Fluorescein Angiography: In some cases, this test is used to examine blood flow in the retina and detect any abnormalities.

Dr. Suraj Munjal uses the latest diagnostic technology to accurately diagnose VMT and recommend appropriate treatment.

Treatment Options for Vitreomacular Traction

Treatment for VMT depends on the severity of the condition. The options include:

1. Observation: In mild cases, VMT may not cause significant vision problems, and observation may be recommended to monitor progression.

2. Anti-VEGF Injections: These injections may be used to reduce swelling in the macula, especially if there is associated macular edema.

3. Ocriplasmin (Jetrea): This is an FDA-approved medication that can dissolve the traction between the vitreous and macula, avoiding the need for surgery in some cases.

4. Vitrectomy Surgery: For more severe cases or when non-surgical options fail, vitrectomy surgery is performed. During this procedure, the vitreous is removed, and the traction is relieved, allowing the macula to heal.

Cost of Vitreomacular Traction Treatment and Stay in India

India is a popular destination for affordable, high-quality medical treatment. The cost of VMT treatment varies based on the treatment method chosen. On average:

• Ocriplasmin injections: $800 – $1,500 USD per injection
• Vitrectomy surgery: $2,500 – $4,000 USD