Stargardt Disease

Causes of Stargardt Disease

Stargardt Disease is primarily caused by mutations in the ABCA4 gene, which is responsible for removing toxic substances from the retina. When this gene doesn’t function correctly, these substances build up, damaging the retina over time. It is an inherited condition passed down through autosomal recessive patterns, meaning both parents must carry the defective gene.

Types of Stargardt Disease

Though generally considered a single condition, Stargardt Disease can vary in severity and progression depending on the genetic mutation and onset. The main forms are:

1. Early-Onset Stargardt Disease: Symptoms begin in childhood or early adolescence.
2. Late-Onset Stargardt Disease: Symptoms may not appear until later in life, often in adulthood.

Symptoms of Stargardt Disease

Symptoms of Stargardt Disease can vary but typically include:

• Blurred or distorted vision, especially when focusing on objects directly in front of you.
• Difficulty reading or seeing details in low-light environments.
• Color vision loss or difficulty distinguishing colors.
• Blind spots (scotomas) in central vision.
• Slow adaptation to low light or night blindness.

If you experience any of these symptoms, it’s essential to consult Dr. Suraj Munjal for a thorough evaluation and prompt diagnosis.

Diagnosis of Stargardt Disease

Diagnosing Stargardt Disease involves several specialized eye tests. At Dr. Suraj Munjal’s clinic, we use the following cutting-edge techniques:

• Visual Acuity Test: To check for changes in central vision.
• Fundus Photography: Detailed imaging of the retina to identify yellow flecks, a hallmark of Stargardt Disease.
• Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT): To create high-resolution images of the retina and detect abnormalities.
• Electroretinography (ERG): Measures how the retina responds to light, helping assess retinal function.
• Genetic Testing: Confirms the presence of the ABCA4 gene mutation and provides a definitive diagnosis.

Early diagnosis is key to managing Stargardt Disease and slowing its progression.

Treatment for Stargardt Disease

Currently, there is no cure for Stargardt Disease, but treatment focuses on managing symptoms and slowing the progression of vision loss. Dr. Suraj Munjal offers various treatment options:

• Low Vision Aids: Devices such as magnifying lenses, special glasses, and electronic systems can help improve vision for daily tasks.
• Vitamin A Restriction: Since vitamin A contributes to the buildup of retinal toxic substances, reducing its intake may slow disease progression.
• Gene Therapy: Research in gene therapy shows promise for potentially restoring retinal function in the future.
• Retinal Implants: In advanced cases, innovative retinal implants may help restore partial vision.

Cost of Treatment and Stay in India

India is a global hub for affordable medical care, and treatment for Stargardt Disease is no exception. At Dr. Suraj Munjal’s clinic, you will receive world-class treatment at a fraction of the cost compared to many other countries. The typical costs include:

• Initial Consultation and Diagnostic Tests: $150 to $300
• Low Vision Aids and Devices: $500 to $2,000, depending on the type
• Gene Therapy Trials (if available): Costs vary, as these are still in research stages.