Keratoconus
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Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) :
1. Can Keratoconus be cured?
Keratoconus cannot be completely cured, but its progression can be halted and vision can be improved with appropriate treatment.
2. Is Keratoconus hereditary?
There is evidence to suggest that Keratoconus can run in families. Genetic factors may play a role, though not all cases are hereditary.
3. How long does Corneal Cross-Linking take?
The procedure typically takes about 1-2 hours and patients can usually resume normal activities within a few days.
What is Keratoconus?
Keratoconus is a progressive eye disease that affects the cornea, causing it to thin and develop a cone-like shape. This irregular shape leads to distorted vision, which worsens over time if left untreated. Early diagnosis and management are crucial for preserving vision.
Causes of Keratoconus
The exact cause of Keratoconus is not always clear, but several factors can contribute to its development:
- Genetic predisposition: It can run in families.
- Eye rubbing: Frequent, vigorous eye rubbing may increase the risk.
- Underlying conditions: Conditions like Down syndrome, Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, and asthma are sometimes linked to Keratoconus.
- Environmental factors: Chronic eye irritation or allergies may also play a role.
Types of Keratoconus
Keratoconus progresses through various stages, which can be classified as:
- Forme Fruste Keratoconus: The earliest and mildest form, often hard to detect.
- Mild to Moderate Keratoconus: At this stage, patients may experience significant vision distortion and require corrective lenses or specialty contact lenses.
- Advanced Keratoconus: In the most severe cases, the cornea may become extremely thin and steep, leading to the need for surgical intervention.
Symptoms of Keratoconus
Symptoms of Keratoconus may include:
- Blurred or distorted vision
- Increased sensitivity to light and glare
- Difficulty with night vision
- Frequent changes in eyeglass prescription
- Double vision in one eye (monocular diplopia)
How is Keratoconus Diagnosed?
Diagnosis of Keratoconus involves a series of specialized tests performed by an ophthalmologist:
- Corneal topography: A detailed mapping of the cornea to detect changes in its shape.
- Pachymetry: Measures the thickness of the cornea to detect thinning.
- Keratometry: Measures the curvature of the cornea.
Treatment for Keratoconus
There are several treatment options depending on the stage of the disease:
- Eyeglasses or Soft Contact Lenses: Useful in the early stages.
- Rigid Gas Permeable Lenses: These specialized lenses help correct vision in moderate cases by covering the irregular cornea.
- Corneal Cross-Linking (CXL): A minimally invasive procedure that strengthens the corneal tissue and halts the progression of Keratoconus.
- Intacs: These are small corneal implants that reshape the cornea and improve vision.
- Corneal Transplant (Keratoplasty): In severe cases, where other treatments fail, a corneal transplant may be required.
Cost of Keratoconus Treatment and Stay in India
India is a global hub for affordable, high-quality medical care, making it an attractive option for international patients. The cost of Keratoconus treatment in India is significantly lower compared to other countries.
- Corneal Cross-Linking: Typically ranges from $1,000 to $2,000 USD per eye.
- Corneal Transplant: Depending on the complexity, it can cost between $2,500 to $4,500 USD.